Structural changes in the uterus, cervix, vagina of the main sows and repair gilts in normal conditions and during infection with HSV (herpes simplex virus) 1,2 types are described. It was established that during replication and reproduction of herpes viruses in the reproductive system, dystrophic, necrotic and inflammatory processes were observed, which were accompanied by destruction and vacuolar dystrophy of epithelial cells, accumulation of inflammatory exudate, lymphoid cell infiltration, congestion, blood vessel thrombosis, hemorrhage, and blood vessels.

Researches were conducted to assess the therapeutic effectiveness ofthe parvovirus enteritis treatmentscheme applied in one of veterinary clinics in Omsk.For an experiment 10 dogswere selected: age from 8 to 12 months, 5 clinically healthy (control) and 5 animals with clinical signs of the disease (the vomiting expressed till the end of a disease and hemorrhagic enteritis with a fetid smell).The diagnosis is also confirmed by the results of hematological examination (leukopenia) and chromatographic immunochemical analysis of excrements samples.At the initial admission of the animal, as well as on the 5th day of treatment, blood was taken to assess the biochemical parameters and parameters of nonspecific resistance. According to the results of research in the nitro-blue tetrazolium test the dogs with parvovirus enteritis had a violation of protein and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as inhibition of the production of cationic proteins and active forms of oxygen in neutrophils.As a result of the applied treatmentschemewith etiotropic, pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy, on the 5th day a tendency towards normalization of biochemical indices was noted, as well as restoration of the parameters of non-specific resistance of the organism to the level of healthy dogs.Clinically, the animals treated showed the improvement in the general condition, the appearance of weak appetite, the absence of vomiting and diarrhea.Thus, on the basis of the revealed changes in the parameters of nonspecific resistance and biochemical blood parameters on the 5th day after the start of treatment, the high therapeutic efficacy of using this scheme was shown.

The data about the disease of saprolegnia of caviar and juveniles of brook trout are present. Saprolegniosis develops not only on the dead, but also on living eggs and free embryos lying next to each other. After separation of the live from dead eggs and clean them from fungus, embryos in them developed with disorders, died and then resolved. With the development the juveniles infects with saprolegnia rarely. The fungus develops on the fins, tail stalk and near the fins of fish. Yearlings are more resistant to adverse environmental factors, but at higher planting densities they are injured. These conditions are favorable for the rapid development of saprolegnia (about 1,5 days). During this period, there is a lifetime necrosis of tissues, destruction of fin blades and operculum. These individuals located in the corners of the aquarium and practically did not eat. The negative impact of the fungus on the superficial somatic musculature was found. On the histological sections of the muscles made directly under the lesion of the fungus skin, the destruction of muscle fibers and the accumulation of a large quantity of histiocytes in the endomysium are noticeable. There is need for further studies of saprolegnia and finding effective methods to eliminate it in different species of fish.

The aim was a comprehensive study of the regional characteristics of the epizootic situation of anthrax, animals and the definition of ways to improve the relevant preventive and anti-epizootic measures and the solution of the main tasks: the cadastre is permanently unsuccessful points on the Siberian ulcer; - determination of the directions of improvement of the system of measures for prevention and control of anthrax. In the past, outbreaks of Siberian -you caused huge damage to livestock. In the districts of the Smolensk region, according to the archival statistical data, the presence of 1193 points permanently dysfunctional for this disease was established. However, there have been no cases of animal or human anthrax in the Smolensk region for the last 37 years. Preventive vaccination of horses and small cattle has also been reduced. Against this background, there was a need for an objective assessment of the current state and the degree of potential danger of the points considered in the past unfavorable for anthrax.

The aim of the work is to determine and compare the structure of diseases of piglets of rearing and fattening groups that caused the death on two pig farms with a complete production cycle (from farrowing to fattening). The object and material of the study were piglets from two industrial pig farms located in the North-Western region of Russia. The number of animals studied was 96 from the rearing group and 82 from the fattening group on farm No. 1, and 108 and 91 respectively on farm No. 2, where the authors performed an autopsy together with farm specialists in 2017-2018. If the diagnosis took into account the findings of the autopsy, bacteriological tests and PCR. Bacteriological study on streptococcosis and Staphylococcus, study of pCr for circovirus, mycoplasmosis, actinobacillus pleuropneumonia, influenza, reproductive and respiratory syndrome swine (PRRS) were conducted. As a result of research on both farms the identical structure of the diseases which were the cause of death is defined, that is, the same diseases are diagnosed. Most of the indicators on the incidence of diseases at the opening of pigs in the groups of rearing and fattening on both farms are similar: streptococcosis, staphylococcosis, colibac-teriosis, bronchopneumonia, pleurisy, peritonitis, gastric ulcer. Significantly differ in the frequency of mycotoxicosis-hypovitaminosis E (6.3% and 14.8% in the rearing groups and 6.1% and 17.6% in the fattening groups), as well as intestinal inversion (7.2% and 1.9% in the rearing groups and 19.5% and 4.4% in the fattening groups). The large difference in the frequency of mycotoxicosis-hypovitaminosis E on farms should be explained by the addition of mycotoxin sorbents to pig feed on one farm and the absence of such or similar additives on another farm. The difference in the frequency of occurrence of intestinal inversion is due to the high starch content in the diet of feeding pigs on one of the farms, causing excessive gas formation, which is considered the main cause of flatulence and intestinal inversion in pigs.

The main therapeutic measures of parvovirus enteritis in dogs include systematic treatment, whereby the choice of tactics and the range of pharmacotherapy is determined by clinical signs, the severity of symptoms together with complications. Survivalscale after this disease without veterinary assistance is about 9%, yet with rational treatment - up to 96%. Our article summarizes analysis and general overviews of domestic and foreign scientific publications, which reflect assessments of different protocols and schemes of treatment, as well as the efficiency of main methods and treatment means of parvovirus enteritis indogs. The literaturere-view was conducted in bibliographic databases RSCI, Scopus, Web of Science, Agris, PubMed, Google Scholar and electronic library of dissertations of RSL. The reports above also describe tactical maintenance of water-electrolytic balance and intravascular volume, variability and suitability of antibiotic and antiemetic preparations, give approach to rational anesthesia and enteral feeding, depicts the possibility of using gastroprotective drugs, enterosorbents, probiotics, adrenoceptors, autohemotherapy and drugs for immunomodulation. Simultaneously, the efficiency of many remedies of the substitution therapy and immune-stimulating immune-correction of parvovirus enteritis in dogs has an unverified character and demands further independent research and systematic review. The treatment of parvovirus enteritis ofdogs remains an actual problem of modern veterinary medicine, as evidenced by the expansion of the wide range of pharmacological agents used and their combinations, together with the search of effective alternatives to base treatmentinterventions.

For animals and humans, echinococcosis is a dangerous invasion. Therefore, the search and testing of anthelmintics, inhibiting the growth and fertility of Echinococcus granulosus cysts, remains an urgent task, since it is in the interest of interrupting the biological development cycle of the causative agent of dangerous and for human zoonosis. The goal is to study the possible inhibition of the biopotential of the fertile cysts of Echinococcus granulosus in sheep against the background of the use of the Prazinal F complex cestocidal composition. The drug Prazinal F in echinococcosis of sheep was studied by the method of group use with compound feed on 20 sheep heads of 3-4 years of age, infested with cestode larvial stages. Experimental and control sheep (n = 20) were divided into 2 groups according to the principle of analogues with 10 heads each. Sheep variety Echinococcus granulosus in adult sheep is an epizootic dangerous and 100% appears to be fertile cysts. In the experiment on the background of 3 times feeding the sheep Prazinal F in a dose of 1500 mg / kg body weight, with an interval of 3 days in a mixture with 1: 100 feed, inhibition of the biopotential of the fertile cysts of Echinococcus granulosus with a decrease in the number of proto-scolex per 1 ml hydatid fluid is 276 - 283%. At the same time, 3-fold feeding of Prazinal F to the sheep at a dose of 1500 mg / kg of body weight with an interval of 3 days with a 1: 100 feed does not cause morphological changes in cysts, does not affect the intensity and does not reduce the fertility of Echinococcus granulosus, which indicates on non-efficacy of the drug in sheep cystic echinococcosis. The new complex composition Prazinal F does not reduce the extensiveness and intensity of invasion, the fertility of the sheep strain E. granulosus and is not recommended for the treatment and prevention of sheep cystic echinococcosis.

This article examines the issues of epizootology of echinococcosis in puppies of dogs in subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District, where there is a wide spread of dangerous and for humans biohelminthoses of zoonotic nature with variations in the extent of invasion of 50-100% with AI - 0.17-2.64 thousand specimens / individual. This indicates the relevance of the search and testing of new domestic complex drugs for the treatment and prevention of echinococcosis in dogs. In 2017-2018 in terms of sec. The efficiency of the new complex cestodocide composition Prazinal F in the echinococcosis of dogs puppies was studied by the individual method of individual application with liver minced meat on 30 puppy heads 4-6 months of age Kabardino-Balkar Republic. age, invasive imaginal stages of echinococcus. Experimental and control puppies (n = 30) were divided into 3 groups on the principle of analogues with 10 animals each. A prototype of the new Prazinal F complex cestocidal complex was prepared, containing per 1 g: crushed to 15-30 microns of praziquantel microparticles - 250 mg, albendazole - 100 mg, fenbendazol - 150 mg, bone meal - 200 mg, dry irlit - 7 particle sizes 15-30 microns -300 mg. It was established experimentally that with echinococcosis of puppies individually, once in a mixture with liver minced meat, the new complex composition Prazinal F in a dose of 150 mg / kg body weight showed an extensive efficiency (EE) of 100% and an intensity efficiency (IE) - 100%. The drug "Prazinal F" in a regulated dose, once recommended for use in veterinary practice, as an effective means of treatment and prevention of echinococcosis in dogs.

Infectious control in veterinary medicine is constantly receiving great attention, which is associated with the variety of different types of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and the formation of resistant strains. Every year, researchers discover new types of microorganisms, and therefore, a constant search for new disinfectants is required. In the system of veterinary-sanitary measures ensuring the wellbeing of livestock breeding for infectious diseases, increasing the productivity of animals, poultry and the sanitary quality of food, raw materials and animal feed of animal origin is one of the most important places. We have studied the bactericidal effect of the "AQUADEZ-NUC 5" disinfectant on the daily cultures of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis microorganisms. The antimicrobial effect of the new disinfectant "AQUADEZ-NUC 5" was carried out using the serial dilution method. Bacteriostatic concentration was determined by the presence of microbial growth after 16-24 h of incubation (depending on the type of microorganism tested). The bactericidal effect of the agent was studied after the termination of the bacteriostatic research. Analysis of the results suggests that "AQUADEZ-NUC 5" has a minimum bacteriostatic and bactericidal dose per culture: Escherichia coli 0.016 and 0.063%, respectively, for Staphylococcus aureus the bacteriostatic and bactericidal concentrations are 0.004% and 0.031%, for the Pseudomonas culture "AQUADEZ-NUC 5" aeruginosa has a minimum bacteriostatic and bactericidal dose of 0.008% and 0.016%, for Proteus mirabilis the minimum bacteriostatic and bactericidal dose is 0.004% and 0.008%, respectively. It was established that the minimum bactericidal concentration of the solution of this agent, which has a bactericidal effect on the entire test culture, is 0.063%.

The aim of the work was to study the antimicrobial activity of the drug Dr. Chistoteloff in rats with experimental infected wound. The experiment was performed on male white rats (n=40) weighing 220-300 g at the Department of General pathology named after V. M. Koropov (MGAVMIB -named After K. I. Scriabin) and its branch in the production - veterinary laboratory of LLC "NEOVET". Simulation of an infected wound with a long regeneration period. The microflora and its contamination in the infected area were studied, the length of the contours of the skin lesion was recorded, and blood hematological examination was performed. It was found that in rats with an infected wound culture of Staphylococcus intermedius and without correction, the regeneration of the damaged defect was reduced, the wound surface was contaminated throughout the experiment, and hypochromic anemia and leukocytosis were recorded in the blood. In animals with an infected wound on the background of external use of the drug Dr. Chistoteloff, the restoration of the skin defect was faster by 6 days, the level of leukocytes in the blood did not change significantly, and in the wound microbial contamination was not noted.

The aim of this work is to give a Toxicological assessment of the newly developed carbohydrate - vitamin - mineral concentrate «Lizunets salt» (lacto Elite), intended for dairy cows. To determine acute toxicity, four groups of white rats were formulated, each with a live weight of 190-200 g of 8 heads, which were orally given the drug in different doses. To determine the cumulative properties, two groups of white rats with 6 heads each were formed, which were given the drug for 14 days, starting with a dose of 0.8 g/kg, which was increased 1.5 times every 4 days. At the same time in experimental animals studied the clinical picture, behavioral reactions, take into account the growth of live weight. According to the results of the study, it was found that with a single administration of carbohydrate-vitamin-mineral concentrate «Lizunets salt» (lacto Elite) in animals there was shortness of breath, lack of appetite, refusal of food, but after 2-3 hours they returned to their original state. According to the existing methods, it was not possible to calculate the average dose as in the experimental groups of animals there was no death, so for further studies the maximum administered dose was used. In determining the cumulative properties of the drug on the 21st day of administration at a daily dose of 6.07 g / kg in animals there was General oppression of the body, frequent urination, diarrhea, tousled coat, but after 7-8 hours, these signs disappeared. In this connection, the cumulation coefficient was 8.31, that the substance has a weakly expressed cumulation.

To study the effect of the new phytosorption complex on the body of the uterine herd of mink of the standard dark brown color (Vyatka animal breeding, Kirov region), two groups of 25 animals each were created. The experimental group, in addition to the total diet, was injected with a phytosorption complex at a dose of 3 g / goal. Animals of the control group received a common diet without additives. The drug was given daily for 30 days before the rut and 10 days before whelping for 25 days. During the experiment, we evaluated the indicators characterizing the productivity of broodstock. Throughout the experiment, they conducted a clinical examination of animals, where they noted the general condition: palatability of food and appetite, reaction to stimuli, color of visible mucous membranes, condition of hair. Thus, 91 puppies were born in the control group, which amounted to 4.79 pups per head, which is 24% less than in the experimental group. For the reproduction of the herd and for obtaining good economic indicators, an important factor is the safety of puppies and their confident weight gain. In the experimental group, the safety of puppies was 89.2%, which is 10.1% more compared to the control group. Puppies from the females of the experimental group confidently gained weight, by 14 days., The pups' body weight was 86.7 g, which is 32.5% more than in the control group.It can be concluded that the additional introduction of the phytosorption complex into the mink of the uterine herd has a beneficial effect on the organism of experimental animals, which was reflected in the production and economic indicators. Further study of the phytosorption complex is of both scientific and practical importance.

During the research work the spread of subclinical mastitis in the studied farms was established, the microbial factor of pathology development was revealed, the therapeutic efficiency of chlorophyllipt solutions in the treatment of subclinical mastitis in cows was studied. The object of research was Holstein dairy cows with a diagnosis of subclinical mastitis. They were divided on the principle of analogues (by weight, age, 2-3 lactation, breed) into three experimental and fourth control group. For the treatment of subclinical mastitis, the following dosage forms were used: 1% alcohol solution of chlorophyllipt, 1% oil solution of chlorophyllipt, 2% oil solution of chlorophyllipt. There was no treatment in the control group. Drugs were introduced interstitial in an amount of 10 ml 2 times daily after each milking for 3 days. Studying the therapeutic efficacy of chlorophyllipt solutions, it was found that the most effective of the proposed local remedies for subclinical mastitis in cows was a 2% oil solution of chlorophyllipt, the effectiveness of which in the studied farms was 86.6%. the number of somatic cells by the 4th day decreased by 69.8% and amounted to 260.2 thousand, microbial contamination to the 4th day of the experience amounted to 1.15*10 colony forming units per cm3. On the 5th day of the trial period, no inhibitory substances were found in milk, and the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultatively anaerobic microorganisms amounted to 0.85*10 colonies forming units per cm3, which corresponded to the state standard № 31449-2013 "Raw cow's milk".

The aim of the work was to study the comparative therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of antimicrobial agents in experimental chicken salmonellosis. The minimal suppressive concentration (MSC) of Salmonella antimicrobials was determined by the method of double serial dilutions in a liquid nutrient medium and using the HiComb Strip test (HiMedia Laboratories Pvt.Limited, India). In the experiment on the study of the therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of antimicrobial drugs in experimental bird salmonellosis, 300 Hisex Brown breed chickens were used, which were divided into 6 groups of 50 animals each. Antimicrobial drugs began to be fed to chickens one day prior to infection in free access with drinking water at a concentration of 200 mg/l of water for 5 days. The first group of birds was fed ciprofloxacin, the second -enrofloxacin, the third - pefloxacin, the fourth - doxycycline. The fifth group of chickens served as a control (the drug was not prescribed). In the sixth group were intact chickens. The experimental infection was reproduced on the second day of the chicken’s life by intraperitoneal infection with a daily culture of Salmonella enteritidis at a concentration of 150 million CFU / 05 ml (1 McFarland). The observation was carried out for 20 days after infection. Ciprofloxacin delayed the development of Salmonella in concentrations of 0.01-0.25 pg/ml, enrofloxacin - 0.04-0.1 pg/ml. The MSC of pefloxacin for S. enteritidis was 0.16-0.32 pg/ml. The MSC of doxycycline for salmonella was in the range of 0.32-1.25 pg/ml. A high therapeutic effect (92%) was achieved in the group of chickens who were prescribed enrofloxacin. Somewhat worse results were obtained in the group of chickens treated with pefloxacin (therapeutic efficacy was 76%). In the treatment of ciprofloxacin and doxycycline, it was not possible to achieve satisfactory results.

This study was monitored a sensitivity to ciprofloxacin of some bacterial agents of animal diseases due to rising theirresistance to different antibiotic drugs including fluoroquinolones. Sensitivity to the drug was defined by diskdiffusion method. A total number of 387 strains of grampositive and gram-negative bacteria isolated from animalswere tested. The highest sensitivity to ciprofloxacin was showed by gram-negative microorganisms. From 84.5 to 100% of isolated Salmonellaspp. strains (S. enteritidis, S. choleraesuis, S. typhimurium, S. dublin) were sensitive to ciprofloxacin. The proportion of sensitive E. coli strains became 79.8%, 11.8% of isolates were found to have intermediate sensitivity, and 8.4% were resistant.90.9% of P. aeruginosa isolates were also sensitive to ciprofloxacin, and 9.1% were resistant. All M. morganii and P. multocida isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxa-cin.Among gram-positive microorganisms, etiologic agents of swine erysipelas (E. rhu-siopatiae), listeriosis (L. monocitogenes), streptococcosis (Streptococcus spp. and Streptococcus uberis), 95.9% of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. (CNS) isolates as well as 87.5% of St. pseudintermedius strains had a high sensitivity to the drug.Ciprofloxacin showed a lower antimicrobial activity againstSt. aureus and St. hyicusstrains. The proportion of sensitive isolates among them became respectively 81.1% and 59.5%, 6.1% and 2.4% of isolates were found to have intermediate sensitivity, and resistant - 12.1% and 38.1%. 66.7% of isolated enterococci strains were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, the proportion of isolates with intermediate sensitivity was13.3%, and 20% of isolates were resistant.Overall, the study reported an increase in the number of ciprofloxacin-resistant staphylococci, enterococci, E. coli and P. aeruginosaisolates.

The article presents the results of veterinary and sanitary examination of external and internal nutria fat. The research materials were the following: the external fat, selected from the dorsal surface of the carcass and the internal fat, represented by the omentum and kidney fat. To conduct the research the samples of fat were melted in porcelain mortars. In total, 116 fat samples were taken. An organoleptic study was undertaken by determining the color, smell, clarity and consistency of the fat. In addition, the following physical and chemical indicators were identified to evaluate the quality of fat: peroxide value, acid number and qualitative aldehyde reaction. The peroxide number of fat was indicated according to the State Standard of the Russian Federation 51487-99. “Vegetable oils and animal fats. Indicating Method of the peroxide number ". Acid number of fat was indicated according to the State Standard of the Russian Federation 50457-92 (ISO 660-83) “Animal and vegetable fats and oils. Indication of acid number and acidity ". Qualitative aldehydes reaction was carried out with resorcinol in benzene according to the Widann Method. Iodine number of fat was indicated according to the State Standard of the Russian Federation ISO 3961-2010 “Animal and vegetable fats and oils. Indication of iodine number". As a result of the conducted studies, it has been established that the nutria fat in terms of organoleptic, physical and chemical parameters meets the requirements of the current regulatory and technical documentation. The following indicators, established by the author of the research, can be used to identify the fat specificity: melting temperature, refractive index and iodine number.

According to the results of control weigh inclusion of this preparation in the structure of the main diet of calves within 90 dais promoted the increase of prolethal weigh of animals for 6,42% (Р<0,01). On a surface and on depth of carcasses the smell was specific, peculiar to fresh meat of undergrowth cattle,when pressing by a finger the pole guickly leveled. In an extract from the coled - down meat of experimental animals pH was wihin 5,74±0,05 and pH extracts of calve meat of the control group was 5,81±0,08. In the meat of the calves in both groups aminoammoniac nitrogen contained from 0,86,16±0,01 to 1,20±0,02 mg. Experimental animals had dense intermal end extemal fa, practically didn’t differ from that animals of the control group. Masses of the main subproducts of the animals of the experimental group in comparison with the control analogs, were higher in average: hearts - for 3,34 (P<0,05), lungs - for 3,71 (P<0,05), liver - 3,18 (P<0,05), kidneys - for 3,14 (P<0,05), spleens - for 3,67% (P<0,05) respectively. In mucles of a sholder blade beit and back area experimental calves in comparison with control ones also had a content of fat and protein more, in average for 0,25% and 0,51%.

The objective of the research is to study the effect of microdimate parameters in the brooders installed in the rest area of piglets on the growth and safety indices of young animals, reproductive characteristics of sows. The object of research is nursing sows with newborn piglets, divided in three groups of 12 heads each. The piglets of the 1st control group were kept under KZK 220-250 lamps during the nursing period of 28 days. The cylindrical brooders, bounded with a cone from above in the 2nd group, with a truncated cone fitted with a valve in the 3rd group were installed in the rest area of the experimental groups of suckling piglets. The incandescent lamps with a capacity of 100 watts were the means of heating during the first two weeks of life of young animals in the experimental groups. It was established that the optimal microclimate parameters were created in the brooders of the 2nd experimental group during the first two weeks of the nursing period. By the time of weaning the air temperature increased to 30.3 °C in the closed airspace of the brooders, the concentration of ammonia - to 9.2 mg/m3, the air velocity was 0.03 m/s in this group, which contributed to an increase in the live weight of piglets only by 5.2 % (p<0.05), the weight of the sow nest - by 7.1 % (P<0.01), in comparison with the control group. More optimal parameters of the microclimate during the entire nursing period due to the valves allowing to adjust the width of the holes on top of the truncated cones of brooders of the 3rd experimental group, contributed to an increase in the live weight of pigs by 6.6 % (p<0.01), their safety - by 2.7 %, the weight of the sow nest - by 9.4% (P<0.001) by time of weaning in comparison with the control.

This publication is devoted to the results of histological changes in the intervertebral discs in chondrodystrophoid dogs. Computed tomography (CT) was used to diagnose intervertebral disc extrusion in 4 dogs (3 dachshunds and 1 Australian shepherd) aged 7 to 14 years old with symptoms of spinal pain progressing from 1 to 14 days of varying degrees. For diagnosis, CT was performed by a Philips MX 16-slice CT (Netherlands). In one case (in the Australian Shepherd), due to the absence of changes in the native mode of CT, additional myelography was required (atlanto-occipital was injected with 10 ml of iodide contrasting substance Omnipack 350 mg iodine / ml). The identified changes were localized in two patients in the cervical region (in the Australian Shepherd and Dachshund 14 years old), in the other two (in the Dachshund 6 years and 10 months and Dachshund 5 years and 10 months) - in the thoracolumbar. Discogenic extrusions detected by the CT scan, with an average density of about 101.0 ± 5.40 HU, were surgically removed and subsequently subjected to histological examination. There are signs of chondroid metaplasia in all 4 samples. However, the three samples obtained from chondrodystrophic breeds, in comparison with the sample from the Australian Shepherd, had a more pronounced degree of signs of degeneration

Druginduced hepatitis at dogs and cats is quite a common problem for veterinary specialists of the Russian Federation and other countries in the world. Liver macroscopic changes during the identifying druginduced hepatitis do not have a characteristic aspect, which complicates the diagnosis of this pathological process.According to the results of the autopsy examination of the dogs corpses, the following macroscopic changes were noted: the liver has a heterogeneous staining (red -brown color with pronounced zones of gray -brown enlightenment), it is often increased in size, in some cases the liver color is not different from the norm, sometimes it has yellow staining, the edges of the organ are obtuse, the surface is sufficiently smooth, the organ tissue is well torn off when cut.A significant increase in the liver size was not observed in all cases of dogs’ druginduced hepatitis. The most characteristic histological indicators are hepatocytes fatty degeneration, foci of colliquative necrosisaround the central veins, centrolobular necrosis, the of a eosinophilslarge number presence in inflammatory infiltrates, the formation of nonspecific granulomas, the injury of the bile capillaries with the development of cholestasis in the lobules peripheral divisions.Three types of liver injury were identified at cats and dogs: cholestatic type, hepatocellular and mixed ones. At dogs, the cholestatic type of injury was the most common - 48%, the mixed type of injury was observed in 31.4% of cases, the lowest index is in hepatocellular type of injury - 20.6%.Unlike dogs in, the cats’ hepatocellular type prevails over the mixed type of injury. Hepatocellular type of injury was noted in 55% of cases of druginduced hepatitis at cats. Mixed damage type was noted in 30% of cases. Cholestatic type of injury at cats was rarely detected - 12%.

Idiopathic primary fibrillation in dogs has become increasingly common in veterinary medicine. One of the most common methods for stopping this disease is electrical atrial cardioversion. The effect of electrical energy used in cardioversion on red blood cells has not been fully studied. Similar studies were not conducted on dogs. To assess the effect of electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation on the selected parameters of erythrocytes. The study was conducted on 14 dogs of large and giant breeds weighing from 30 to 84 kg with idiopathic primary atrial fibrillation. Electrical cardioversion was performed under general anesthesia with two-phase current with 70-360 J of energy. Blood was collected: (A) - during atrial fibrillation, before cardioversion and after (B) - 30 minutes after electrical cardioversion. Evaluated a complete blood count, as well as total and direct concentration of bilirubin. Maximum power 360 joules. Electrical cardioversion did not cause either statistically or clinically significant erythrocyte lysis.

Breed of sheep dorper has many advantages, among which to neprihotlivy in feeding and content, have a high rate of weight gain and fruitfulness exceeds 100%. The main direction of breeding sheep of this breed-meat sheep. The "main" source of mutton is the pelvic limbs. During the study, we studied the features of the course and branching of the arteries of the femoral region of sheep breed dorper, in order to establish the syntopic and morphometric characteristics of blood supply to this area. The study found that the main source of blood supply to the pelvic limb in sheep breed dorper is the external iliac artery. The latter follows the entrance to the femoral canal, before sinking into which, at the level of the pubic bone, gives a deep femoral artery and a circumferential deep iliac artery. Deep femoral artery gives off the cranial epigastric-pudendal trunk, and caudal medial circumferential femoral. The epigastric trunk is divided into two branches: the external epigastric artery and the caudal epigastric artery. The circumferential deep iliac artery is divided into two branches, vascularizing lumbar muscles, abdominal wall muscles, the area of the knee fold. Entering the femoral canal, the external iliac artery passes into the femoral artery. The latter gives numerous branches to the muscles, joints and ligamentous apparatus, the skin of this area.

The paper presents data on the dynamics of some indicators of red blood in outbred white rats during osteosynthesis of tubular bones on the background of the application of the RVI biocomposite material preparation and the RV-2 immunomodulator from the group of synthetic dipeptides. The experiments were performed on 30 animals, divided into six groups (n=6in each). Therat softhecontrol group after osteo-synthesiswerenottreated (untreated wound model), experimental rats from the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5 th groups were treated with the preparations separately or in combination at various times after surgery (immediately or 5 daysafter). Blood for the study was sampled before surgery, and then with a weekly interval. The duration of the experiment was 21 days. It was found that the indicators of red blood in animals of all groups were within the physiological norm. On the 7th and 14th day, a decrease in the number of erythrocytes (with the exception of the 4th and 5th groups, respectively), hemoglobin, hematocrit (7th day) and an increase in the width of the distribution of the erythrocyte population were noted. All-therest hematological parameters were multidirectional. By the end of the experiment, the amount of hemoglobin, its average content and concentration in red blood cells, the width of the distribution of red blood cell populations in all groups exceeded the background indicators. At the same time, hematocrit level and mean red blood cell volume were lower. The number of erythrocytes exceeded the initial level only in the 2nd and 3rd groups by 2.6 and 3.7%, respectively, where the animals were treated with RV-2. Relatively stable hematological parameters for the entire period of the experiment indicate a high resistance of outbred rats to injuries. It can be assumed that the use of the RV-2 preparation has a stimulating effect on erythropoiesis in varying degrees depending on the timing of its use at different stages of reparative osteogenesis. The stimulating effect of biocomposite material on bone tissue regeneration is probably due to increased tissue metabolism.

Endocardiosisis understood to be a chronic degenerative lesion of the heart valves, in which changes in collagen and elastin fibers occur, which leads to the formation of nodules at the edges with further thickening and scar deformation. This pathology is the most common cause of heart failure in dogs . In clinical practice, more common is degenerative mitral valve disease, rarely tricuspid. Isolated lesion of the tricuspid valve is a rare fnding.The work is based on the results of studies conducted in the period from 2016 to 2018 on the basis of the Department of "animal Diseases and VSE" and veterinary clinics "Baby Raccoon" (Pushchino, Serpukhov, Moscow region).The article presents the results of the study of the dynamics of clinical and biochemical changes in dogs with endocardiosis of atrioventricular valves at the preclinical stage in the treatment of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and aldosterone antagonist. The authors on the basis of treatment of 75 animals found that in the control group clinical signs of the disease appear much earlier than in other groups. In the second group, the percentage of the disease was higher than in the third group. The activity of transminases, albumin level, total protein and de-Ritis coefficient correlates directly with the onset of clinical manifestations of endocardiosis.

The problem of choosing a matabolically adequate marker of the level of the organism’s mineral security at different periods of life remains relevant today, since the deficiency of trace elements leads to changes in many homeotatic systems, reducing the economic value of animals. As a result of our research, an adequate diagnostic criterion for microelementosis in cattle using hair samples as a biomarker was proposed. On the basis of statistical studies of the mineral availability of agricultural soils in the biogeochemical province of the Priazovskaya zone of the Rostov region, biochemical studies of feed, as well as biochemical, morphological and immunological studies of blood and cattle hair samples, the development of microelementosis has been proven a consequence of alimentary zinc deficiency. So, as a result of a retrospective analysis of the mineral availability of agricultural soils in the Priazovskaya zone of the Rostov region, there was a deficit of copper (0,216 mg / kg) and zinc (0,321 mg / kg). Quantitative analysis of feed harvested in agricultural enterprises of this biogeochemical province confirmed zinc deficiency (23,8 ± 0,09 mg / kg), which caused the development of hypochromic anemia (erythrocytes - 6,2 ± 0,2х10¹² / l, hemoglobin - 89,4 ± 4,5 g / l) in animals in the mother-offspring system. The blood mineral chart of the test animals was characterized by a zinc deficiency of 94.9%, which was also confirmed by the results of studies of hair samples (59,60 ± 1,7 mg / kg). The humoral immune response in experimental animals was characterized by a decrease in the level of immunoglobulins G (11,05 ± 1,02 mg / ml and 10,47 ± 0. 97.mg / ml) and M (0,85 ± 0,18 mg / ml and 0, 81 ± 0,09 mg / ml), indicating the development of the immunosuppressive state. Consequently, the use of hair as a biomarker of the level of mineral security in the mother-offspring system makes it possible to most adequately assess the chronization of the process and the degree of metabolic changes in the body.

Breast cancer - is a malignant neoplasm, proliferating from tubular epithelium and mammary gland parenchyma. There is a lack of absolute data in etiology factors. Clinical features of mammary gland neoplasia are very variable, from aggressive to indolent. Nowadays, there are no markers in veterinary medicine for the presence, distribution, and features of biological behavior. In this study, we are going to evaluate one of the serum proteins as breast cancer malignancy marker and defy elucidate the connection between the activity of the antioxidant system and oxidative stress produced by rapid growth of neoplastic tissues. Due to the obtained information, we can propose a method of non-invasive estimation. This indirect method will help veterinary doctors to obtain specific information about malignancy status, prognosis and operation risks. We studied serum of 20 companion dogs, different breeds and one age group (7-13 years). The first group (n=15) - had breast cancer, without comorbidities, control group (n=5) -consisted of healthy dogs. In these papers, we observe a correlation between serum ceruloplasmin and neoplasia malignancy in companion animals. We defined the connection between malignancy state of breast cancer affected mammary gland and serum ceruloplasmin concentration.

Today, poultry farming is the most dynamic sector of the entire agro-industrial complex. The increase in agricultural production is one of the most important national economic tasks. In order to successfully accomplish this task, it is necessary to improve the organization of cultivation, to develop on-farm and inter-farm specialization, to introduce intensive production methods. Vision is an important physiological process by which birds get an idea of the size, shape and color of objects, their relative position and distance and, thus, acquire the ability to move in the surrounding space. The simplest form of developing a visual analyzer is the start of a reaction to light. The anatomical features of the bird's visual analyzer indicate that vision plays an important role in their life. Using the organ of vision, birds receive up to 80% of information from the outside world. The effect of a solution of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) with a concentration of 0.002% was studied. The aim of our study was to study the use of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) morphological, morphometric and histological methods for the development of the lens in embryos at 5.7 and 10 days of incubation. For laboratory studies, these methods were used: morphometric, histological, anatomical, and variation-statistical. 600 hatching eggs were divided into experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, eggs were lowered into a solution of riboflavin with a concentration of 0.002%, and in the control group of the egg, preincubation treatment was not carried out.Keywords: Chicken embryo, visual analyzer, lens, riboflavin, antenatal ontogenesis.

The purpose of our work is to compare different types of microsurgical vascular sutures, to select the most appropriate suture for kidney transplantation. For this, different types of microsurgical sutures were compared, to create arterial and venous anastomoses of the “end to side” type when performing heterotopic kidney transplantation in mammals. Our studies were carried out according to the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for experiments or for other scientific purposes. The experiment was carried out on 18 white rats, which were divided into 3 groups of 6 animals each. In the first group, kidney autotransplantation was performed with anastomosis created between the renal artery and the aorta, the renal vein and the caudal vena cava of the "end to side" type using single interrupted sutures. In the second group, a continuous suture was applied, and in the third, a continuous suture using a graft with Carrel sites at the ends of the vessels. In the first experimental group, all the anastamoses obtained were distinguished by a good cross, the rate of suturing was 20 ± 1.29 min. when connecting the arteries and 23,16 ± 1,95 min. when connecting the veins, the technique of performing was the most difficult. In the second group, the vascular permeability in 2 cases was impaired, which is explained by less visual and instrumental control of the sewn vessel walls during the execution of this technique, the rate of suturing is 12 ± 0.57 min. when working with arteries and 15 ± 0.82 min. when working with veins, the technique is simpler than in the first group. In the third, the permeability of all anastamoses was good, the speed of work was the highest: 11.83 ± 1.07 min. with suture over arteries and 14.67 ± 1.1 min. veins, the complexity of the execution of the most simple, but getting a transplant with Carrel sites is possible only with posthumous donation. The use of single interrupted sutures, despite the complexity of the technique and the slower rate of application, is the most reliable method that is suitable for creating the majority of vascular anastomoses during kidney transplantation in mammals.

This article describes the treatment of wounds with the help of two techniques of skin defect closure, namely the use of free layer-by-layer skin grafts and free skin grafting by the brand method. Studies to compare techniques were conducted on 5 dogs and 4 cats. The aim of the research was to study the techniques of wound treatment with the help of free layered flaps and free skin grafting by the brand method, comparing these two methods of surgical closure of wound defects. The animals used in the experiments, with wound surfaces of various sizes in the distal parts of the limbs, resulting from injury. Wounds in these animals were observed at all stages of the wound process. In the course of the research, free layered flaps were transplanted by collecting flaps from the donor site, preparing them and transferring them to the recipient bed. And they used the technique of skin grafting in the vintage way - transplanting in granulation of small thin pieces of skin. As a result, we found out the following: in all experimental animals, the wound surfaces of which were closed with the help of free layered flaps and the branded method of skin transplantation, complete engraftment of the flaps was observed. In the course of studying the techniques of transplantation of a free layer-by-layer flap of the skin and the brand method of skin transplantation, it was found out that when a free layer-by-layer flap is transplanted, complete wound healing occurs 9-13 days earlier than with the brandname method of skin grafting. The main disadvantages of the branded method of skin transplantation compared with the free layered flap are unsatisfactory cosmetic results, and the epithelialized wound surface, which does not have the full graft strength of the entire wound, and may be excessively traumatized.

The work presents the results of studies of animals with signs of bronchial obstruction syndrome, performed using X-ray diagnosti-cand computed tomography. The main goal of our work is to compare two methods for the diagnosis of bronchial-obstructive syndrome. To achieve this goal, the method of computed tomography was used. The method is based on more high-speed computer systems with new software strategies and can process not only individual sections, but also constantly changing sections of the imaged object, which slowly passes through the X-ray circle. For computed tomography, the animal is placed on the table of the tomograph. At the beginning of the movement of the table relative to the fixed tube and the detector we get the topogram. It looks like a radiograph (which in essence is). According to the topogram, we carried out a tomographic scan (we chose the zone of interest, selected the slope of the gantry). Run the scan. Immediately after scanning, we worked with the image. For comparison, the method of radiography was used. Survey radiographs were made in front and side projections. Radiographs were produced in the optimal packing of the investigated area of the body for tangential ray imaging. Used cassettes without reinforcing screens. The filter and screening grid is not used. When conducting this study, it was found that in most cases the diagnostic capabilities of radiography are rather limited. With the help of computed tomography, narrowing of the bronchi of the bronchi in animals with broncho-obstructive syndrome is most often detected(asthma), as well as structural changes in the lung tissue. The role of computed tomography in the study of patients with bronchial asthma of varying severity is shown. The relationship between changes in wall thickness of various parts of the trachebronchial tree and the severity of bronchial asthma was established, patterns of changes in the geometry of the terminal respiratory tract in patients with broncho -obstructive syndrome were found, and a characteristic pattern of pathological changes in the lung tissue in combination with bronchial asthma with various diseases was found.