In all poultry producing regions of the world, infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus continues to be a major concern for poultry farmers. The virus causes anemic and dehydrated muscle tissue in chickens, as well as hemorrhages in the muscles of the lower leg, thigh, wings and chest. The most characteristic of this disease are observed in the fabrication bursa. In the first 2-4 days after infection of the bird, it increases 2-3 times. Its mucous membrane becomes edematous, hyperemic, hemorrhages and necrotic areas are found in it. The mortality from this disease is low, but the main danger of IBD is the immunosuppressive state it causes.
The consequences of immunosuppression associated with IBD, an increase in the susceptibility of chickens to opportunistic microorganisms, an increase in susceptibility to diseases and a decrease in the effectiveness of vaccination against Newcastle disease, Marek's disease, infectious bronchitis, etc.
Vaccination is the most important measure for combating IBD in the field. Today, live and inactivated vaccines against infectious bursal disease are widely used in poultry farms. A large number of disadvantages of their use have been found, therefore, the relevance of recombinant vaccines based on the viral VP2 protein has increased, which are considered safer and cheaper.
Vaccinated chickens, in which the synthesis of virus-neutralizing antibodies to the VP2 capsid protein occurs, are resistant to infectious bursal disease. The aim of the work was the recombinant protein VP2 and to test its effectiveness in chickens of the Lohman Brown cross.

Campylobacteriosis is a zoonotic infectious disease of animals and humans, characterized by various degrees of severity and polymorphism of manifestations: reproductive pathology, damage to the gastrointestinal tract, in humans -toxicoinfection. The aim of the work is to identify the epizootological and epidemiological role of certain species and subspecies of pathogenic campylobacteria in the infectious process in productive animals. The work was carried out for 12 years in livestock and poultry farms on the territory of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation. The diagnosis was established on the basis of complex epizootological, bacterioscopic, bacteriological, serological, molecular biological studies. Season prevalence of the disease in animals husbandry wasn’t been established and poultry revealed such prevalence. During the bacteriological study of 4163 mixed cultures from cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry, 67.59% of pure campylobacter cultures were isolated. The maximum specific part of campylobacter host, on average, was detected in poultry —79.49% and cattle — 71.79%; in pigs — 63.62%, in sheep — 52.61%, respectively. The circulation of two pathogenic subspecies of campylobacteria in the infectious process that cause epidemiological risks in animals has been established: C. jejuni sbsp. jejuni with the maximum level in poultry — 79.03 % and C. fetus sbsp. fetus, respectively, in sheep — 46.79 %. PCR using the russian test system "СAM—BAC" revealed a high specificity for the DNA of campylobacteria from cattle of the subspecies C. jejuni sbsp. jejuni. It is advisable to create a database on pathogenic campylobacteria and exchange information between veterinary and medical services for surveillance of this zoonosis.

Diseases of microbial aetiology namely colibacillosis and staphylococcosis are prevalent in poultry farming as asymptomatic carriers of these bacteria among birds are common. Besides microorganisms upon penetrating the organism harm it in multiple ways such as by creating a host of toxins which helps evade the immune response. To evaluate effector mechanisms of the immune system and the level of immune reactivity we suggested employing leukocytic indices, whereupon we analysed leukocytic indices in experimentally infected chickens and used them as diagnostic criteria for controlling the state of organism in developing pathology. In the course of our research we conducted two experiments. For the first experiment we divided chickens into two groups: Group I – control, Group II – chickens challenged intraperitoneally with Staphylococcus aureus (2 McFarland units). In the second experiment Group III was control, while Group IV was challenged in the same way with Escherichia coli. Blood samples were collected on Day 1, Day 3, Day 5 and Day 7 after the challenge. The following indicators were studied: leukogram and dynamics of leukocytic indices. We observed reliable changes in indicators of each experimental group, but the challenge with E. coli caused a less pronounced endotoxic effect on the organism of male chicks.

The Russian Federation is suffering from African swine fever since november 2007. The main problem with African swine fever on the territory of the Russian Federation is determined by the formed enzootic zones and partially external cases of the disease on the administrative territories of the "non-enzootic zones". Despite the measures taken, the disease tends to spread annually. For the period 2007-2020, 1840 outbreaks of this disease were registered in Russia, including 1077 domestic pigs and 737 wild boars.
From our opinion, Russia has a unique opportunity in natural conditions to study the stages of the formation of the enzootic zone in the North Caucasus region. This territory is compactly located: the Chechen Republic, the Republic of Ingushetia, the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, the Republic of Dagestan, the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, the Republic of Adygea, where population, with the exception of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, confess the Islamic religion, which prohibits pork consumption.
In this article, based on the analysis of the epizootic situation from 2007-2020. an opinion was expressed on the mechanism of the formation of enzootic zones for African swine fever, as well as on the establishment of zones where the disease appears in order to introduce restrictive and prohibitive measures. The position on the role of wild boars in the formation of enzootic zones and the spread of infection was determined. The understanding of the mechanism of formation of enzootic zones is the basis for the development of effective measures to eradicate African swine fever in Russia.

Eimeriosis of poultry has been and remains a serious problem for the industrial poultry industry, reducing the production of poultry and increasing economic costs. The studies were carried out in 2020-2021. at the Department of Anatomy, Pathological Anatomy and Surgery of the FSBEI VO "Krasnoyarsk GAU" in the framework of the research work of the department in the direction: comparative characteristics of vaccines used for eimeriosis of chickens, and at the KSKU "Regional Veterinary Laboratory". The object of the study was broiler chickens of the Ross-308 cross. The main research methods are biochemical research of blood plasma of birds. Research objectives: to conduct an experiment in which intact and experimental chickens vaccinated at 14 days with live attenuated vaccines against eimeriosis, analyze the biochemical parameters of blood plasma. Compared with the intact group, a statistically significant decrease in albumin by 30% (p≤0.01) and an increase in total bilirubin by 7% (p≤0.05) were found in experimental group 1, in experimental group 2 - a decrease in total bilirubin by 10, 5% and cholesterol by 9.7% (p≤0.05), in experimental group 3 (combined vaccination) - a decrease in triglycerides by 14%, albumin by 17%, cholesterol by 14% (p≤0.01), an increase chlorides by 15.6% (p≤0.05). A pronounced positive statistically significant (p <0.05) correlation was found between uric acid and cholesterol (0.699) in experimental group 1, which can be considered in the context of cell decay and the synthesis of uric acid from guanine and adenine of degrading DNA. A statistically significant relationship between chlorides and albumin (0.695) in the 3rd test group (combined vaccination) allows us to regard the increase in chlorides as a consequence of inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract of chickens.

The article describes the process of design method one-time indication and identification of pathogens of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) by polymerase chain reaction in real time. For creation this method, early designed primers combination was used to detect provirus DNA BLV and BIV. For the purpose of control amplification two positive control samples (PCS) were created, which are recombinant genetic constructs based on the pALT2 plasmid with embedded specific nucleotide sequences of sections of provirus DNA BLV and BIV. The optimal temperature - time mode has been selected for created test system, and its operability has been proved experimentally. Minimum sensitivity was determined by method ten-fold dilutions of recombinant plasmids which carry specific genes BLV and BIV. The latest was 1-3 DNA molecules in 1 µl reaction mixture for the genes of both pathogens. Designed method was proved high specificity, according to result of PCR with heterogeneous and homogeneous DNA samples. The practical significance and performance of created method are confirmed by studies of blood samples obtained from sick and healthy animals, from farms that are infected by leukemia virus. Designed method allows simultaneously detecting provirus DNA of BLV and BIV one-time in one reaction mixture.

The resource base of the fishing industry in the Magadan Region is 45 marine fishing objects. Some of the main fish species of economic interest and nutritional value are Pacific herring, navaga, flounder, smelt etc. It is known that almost all marine commercial fish of the Okhotsk Sea are infested with pathogens of anisakidosis - a dangerous helminthic disease. Currently, the region does not carry out a systematic and large-scale study of the infection of all commercial fish species in the direction of solving the issues of the epidemic and epizootic significance of marine fish in the water area of the Sea of Okhotsk (for example, its northern part within the borders of the Magadan region). The foregoing determined the goal, which was to analyze the infection of fish with pathogens of helminthiozooanthroponoses in a comparative aspect based on long-term ichthyopathological monitoring (1989-1999; 2021) and to identify the most epidemiologically significant fish species. To achieve the goal, the task was determined: the study of the infection of commercial fish in the northern Okhotsk region with the pathogens of anisakidosis. The research material was the Pacific herring Clupea pallasii, navaga Eleginus gracilis, spiny flounder Acanthopsetta nadeshnyi, starry flounder Platichthysstellatus, toothed smelt Osmerus mordax dentex. By the method of incomplete helminthological dissection [2], 3585 specimens of the aforementioned fish species were studied. The study of helminth larvae was carried out both in a live and in a fixed state on total preparations. A total of 268 specimens of nematode larvae of 2 species were studied. The highest rates are observed in herring (97.4%) and spiny flounder (66.4%), with the intensity of invasion - 1-49 (5.0) and 1-24 (4.0), respectively. Toothed smelt and spiny flounder are infested by two species of anisakids (Anisakissimplex and Pseudoterranovadecipiens), while herring and navaga are infested only by Anisakissimplex. In herring and navaga, the larvae of anisacids are localized exclusively in the body cavity and on the internal organs of the fish, and in flounder and smelt additionally in the muscles of the fish body.

The article presents the results of studying the cytokine profile in piglets with actinobacillus pleuropneumonia and its correction with an interferon-containing drug during treatment. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae causes significant economic damage, resulting from high morbidity and mortality of piglets, reduced production indicators and product quality, as well as the cost of prevention and control of infection. The study of the cytokine profile, the ratio of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines provides information on the severity of the pathological process, its transition to the systemic level, prognosis, outcome of infection and assessment of the efficacy of therapy. The use of immunomodulatory therapy has a nonspecific protective effect against a wide range of pathogens, based on the activation of the immune system. Immunomodulators, selectively affecting the corresponding component of cellular or humoral nonspecific immunity, to varying degrees, change the activity of all links of the immune system. The most promising immunotropic drugs include interferon immunomodulators, the use of which increases the efficacy of therapy for bacterial infections. For the experiment, 2 groups of sick piglets were formed. The animals of the first group were administered tsipropig at a dose of 0.1 ml/kg, the animals of the second group were administered enroxil 10% at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg. Therapy of sick animals with tsipropig, containing the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, a mixture of recombinant porcine interferons -alpha and - gamma, vitamins A and E, was accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of proinflammatory cytokines-1β, interleukin-2, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and their ratio to anti-inflammatory mediators - interleukin-4, interleukin-10, indicating a decrease in the acute inflammatory process. The registered decrease in the ratio of cytokines produced by Th-1 and Th-2 lymphocytes indicated the activation of the humoral link of the immune system due to the immunomodulatory effect of interferons and the antioxidant activity of vitamins.

Today, we can consider the need to use remedies based on probiotic microorganisms in the technology of growing young farm animals as proven. Prescribed for prevention purposes, they must be not only safe and effective, but also cost-effective for the consumer. The studies presented by us were carried out in order to calculate the overall economic efficiency of the use of the developed synbiotic agent for the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases in calves in a production environment. We carried out our work in accordance with the official methodology for determining the economic efficiency of veterinary measures, approved on February 21, 1997 by the head of the Veterinary Department of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation V.M. Avilov. At the assay, 86 newborn calves were involved (SPK husbandary farm "Vtoraya Pyatiletka") - 63 calves from LLC "HLEBOROB" - 23 individuals). 31 were in the experimental group and 32 in the control group in the SPK breeding plant "Vtoraya Pyatiletka". And at the "HLEBOROB" farm 12 in the experimental group and 11 in the control group. From the third to the tenth day of life, the calves of the experimental groups were orally administered a daily dose of the synbiotic mixture two hours before morning feeding with an interval of 24 hours, in the amount of 2 doses per 10 kg of live body weight (1 dose ~ 109 CFU), dissolved at the rate of 1 dose / 0.5 ml of milk serum. According to the results of the experiments, the maximum profit in the experimental group was recorded - 30,925 rubles, which was 3 times higher than the value of the control, where this indicator was equal to 9,900 rubles, respectively.

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi that contaminate food at the field or during storage. These metabolites reduce the productivity of animals, increase the susceptibility to infectious and parasitic diseases and cause reproductive pathologies, leading to huge economic losses. The present experiment was conducted to determine the effect of mycotoxins (T-2 toxin, aflatoxin B1, zearalenone) on growth indicators, the state of mineral metabolism, serum lipid profile, the mass of organs of white rats and the presence of DNA damage, as well as the potential use of a prophylactic mixture (PS), which includes galloisite, methionine, beta-glucans, milk thistle meal. White rats (n = 40) weighing 150-170 g were divided into four groups of 10 rats each and used to study the effects of mycotoxins for three weeks. The first group of rats served as a biological control. The second and fourth food groups were given aflatoxin B1, T-2 toxin, and zearalenone. The rats of the 4th group, in addition to the toxic diet, received PS in a dose of 0.25% of the diet; the third group - 0.25% PS in addition to the main diet.
The results showed that exposure to mycotoxins causes mortality, reduces body weight gain, increases the absolute weight of the liver, kidneys and spleen, the content of inorganic phosphate, triglycerides, cholesterol, and low density lipoproteins, reduces the amount of total calcium and high density lipoproteins. The genotoxic effect of the studied mycotoxins was revealed by the method of horizontal electrophoresis. It was shown that the inclusion of PS in the diet reduced the degree of DNA damage, and also reduced or eliminated the adverse effects of aflatoxin B1, zearalenone and T-2 toxin.

During the monitoring of the infection of cattle with infectious diseases in the "collective farm of Voroshilov" of the Stavropol Territory and in the LLC "Kuban dairy -commodity complex" of the Krasnodar Territory, we established a high infection of calves with the causative agent Cryptosporidium parvum. The aim of the work was to carry out a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the Halocur and Parofor-70 preparations used in these farms for the prevention and treatment of calves with cryptosporidiosis. The study of faecal samples was carried out with double centrifugation using a solution of lactic acid and diethyl ether, followed by staining according to Ziehl-Nielsen. The degree of infection of animals with cryptosporidium was determined according to the method to which with a magnification of 600 times 20 fields of vision are viewed. The detection of several oocysts (up to 5) in all fields was assessed by the + sign (low invasion), 1-3 oocysts in one field of view ++ (medium invasion), and 4 or more +++ (strong invasion). It has been established that Halocur at a dose of 2ml/10kg of live weight, applied once and individually, - has a gradual effect. A decrease in the intensity of invasion (from high to medium) occurs only on the 7th day, around this time the diarrhoea also disappears. However, complete elimination of cryptosporidium occurs only 20-21 days after the start of treatment. When using the preparation Parofor-70 at a dose of 25 g / head (1 time/day for 5 days) - a decrease in the intensity of invasion (from high to medium) is observed already in the first 2-3 days from the moment of treatment. And the duration of diarrhoea was, as in the case with the use of Halocur - only 7 days. The animals were completely rid of Cryptosporidia 10-12 days after the preparation was used.

Currently, it is believed that the calcitonin gene-associated peptide (CGRP) plays one of the key roles not only in the pathophysiology of nocyperception-mediated pathologies, but also in the mechanisms of development of inflammatory-dystrophic phenomena in the sites of localization of the greatest number of CGRP receptors, one of the which is the hepatobiliary system. To target CGRP ligands and CGRP receptors, two types of drugs have been developed that block CGRP function: monoclonal antibodies (containing antibodies either against CGRP itself or against its receptor) and small molecules (hepants). The decisive advantage of the use of monoclonal antibody preparations is their non-liver-related metabolism, as well as the absence of an effect on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of other low-molecular-weight drugs when used simultaneously.
The main goal of this study is to assess the potential for potentiation of hepatobiliary protector drugs using CGPR receptor antagonists. Analyzing the data obtained, it can be concluded that the hepatoprotective drug "Hepaton" in combination with monoclonal antibodies of class G2 (IgG2), which binds with high affinity to the receptor of calcitonin-gene-related peptide, significantly reduces the duration of hexenal sleep, which indicates the activation of the detoxifying function of the liver. when exposed to a combination of such drugs, which indicates the potentiation of drugs-protectors of the hepatobiliary system using antagonists of CGPR receptors.
Based on both experimental and scientific literature data, it can be concluded that drugs antagonists of CGPR receptors have an extremely wide range of applications in the future, including for potentiating other drugs used for pharmacological correction of various pathologies. Rational influence on CGPR receptors can reliably influence the maintenance of homeostasis and nociception of the hepatobiliary system.

The article presents the results of a study of the corrective effect of drugs based on interferons on the cellular immunity of newborn piglets on an industrial pig breeding farm. In neonatal period, the immune system development in animals doesn’t reach functional maturity, and immunocompetent cells have low functional activity. In regulation of the immune system, interferons play a significant role in formation of the immune response, proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes, as well as the activation of mononuclear phagocytes. In order to improve the body immune status, there’ve been designed species-specific drugs based on rIFNs with immunomodulatory properties. For the experiment, 3 groups of newborn piglets were selected. Piglets of experimental group I at the age of 3-5 days were injected intramuscularly with biferon-S at a dose of 0.1 ml/kg twice, with an interval of 24 hours, piglets of group II – once with prostimul at a dose of 0.1 ml/kg. Piglets of group III (control) were not treated with drugs. It has been established that the application of biferon-S, containing rpIFN–alpha and -gamma, and prostimul, containing recombinant type I cytokine and vitamins A, E and C, in the first days of piglets' life, promotes an increase in cellular immunity, the absolute and relative number of lymphocytes, Tlymphocytes, T-suppressors and T-helpers, the content of active phagocytes, their absorptive and metabolic activity, due to the presence of rpIFN in the drugs that rapidly induce the system of endogenous interferons, cellular and humoral immunity, and in prostimul –vitamins A, E and C, possessing antioxidant properties. A more significant corrective effect on cellular immunity has been exerted by biferon-S, containing not only interferon alpha, but also gamma, which is cytokine - a regulator of immune responses, an inducer of cellular immunity.

In this study, we assessed the mutagenic activity of the drug PAO-1, containing as an active ingredient the protease of the micromycete Aspergillus ochraceus VKM F4104D, which possesses fibrinolytic activity, designed for the treatment of mammary gland diseases in cattle. Thus, we studied the frequency of polychromatic erythrocytes with micronuclei in the bone marrow of white Wistar rats (n = 24). We studied the cytogenetic stability of rat bone marrow cells after two weeks of daily subcutaneous administration of PAO-1 at doses of 460 mg/kg and 2300 mg/kg relative to the indicators of intact animals and rats subjected to a single intraperitoneal injection of an experimental mutagen mitomycin C. As a result of the study, we did not reveal a statistically significant change in the frequency of occurrence of polychromatic erythrocytes with micronuclei, as well as the proportion of polychromatic erythrocytes with the administration of PAO-1 at both studied doses. Thus, we did not reveal changes in the cytogenetic stability in polychromatophilic erythrocytes in the bone marrow of rats after a two-week subcutaneous injection of the recombinant protease of the micromycete Aspergillus ochraceus VKM F-4104D at a dose of 460 mg/kg and 2300 mg/kg, relative to the indicators of intact animals. The presented data may indicate the absence of mutagenic properties in the studied protease.

The country’s food safety fully depends on the uninterrupted supply of population with diverse, high-quality, available food products. The aim of our work was to establish the most effective mycotoxins adsorbent for mycotoxicoses prevention by monitoring the haematological and microbiological indices of experimental cross “Ross-308” broiler chickens. We have developed and patented new organo-mineral mycotoxin adsorbents “Belasorb” and “MeKaSorb” based on tripoli. In the production conditions of the poultry farm of ОАО “Agrokombinat “Dzerzhinskiy” we have proven the effectiveness of their use at the optimal rate of 2 kg/t of mixed feed. Based on the conducted production tests it was found that the mycotoxin adsorbents developed by us optimize the metabolic processes in the body of broiler chickens. There is a recovery of protein fractions, an increase in the efficiency of nitrogen-containing and nitrogen-free substances as well as the efficiency of enzymes in the blood serum and the level of minerals with the normalization of the Ca/P ratio balance. Reducing the toxic load on the broiler chickens body and improving the sanitary quality of mixed feed contributed to an increase of lacto- and bifidobacteria fractions in the gastrointestinal tract of poultry while reducing the number of bacteria of the Escherichia coli group as well as yeast and mold fungi. Thus, the introduction of “Belasorb” and “MeKaSorb” mycotoxins adsorbents into the diet of poultry has a positive dynamics of metabolic processes, normalizes haematological and microbiological indices which is confirmed by high achievements in experienced poultry houses.

In recent years, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from animals have become more common. Staphylococci of zoonotic origin (LA-MRSA) are more difficult to control in the laboratory. Laboratory results of in vitro sensitivity studies are important when choosing the most effective AMP in pharmacotherapy.
Laboratory monitoring of the antibiotic sensitivity of microorganisms, ranking of results and their selective reporting make it possible to prevent the occurrence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. The paper presents data on the stability of staphylococcal isolates isolated from animals when interpreting the data obtained by the disco-diffusion method and the method of serial micro-dilutions in broth.
The isolates were sensitive to azithromycin and erythromycin (S=76.0%), cefotaxime (S=100.0%), cephalexin (S=100.0%), neomycin (S=70.0%), tetracycline (S =70.0%), clindamycin (S=76.0%), inducible resistance to clindamycin was not detected.

One of the representatives of the third generation fluoroquinolones is marbofloxacin. It was also found that the combined use of trimethoprim and fluoroquinolones has a synergistic effect, which gives good results in the treatment of concomitant infections of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract [6]. Therefore, the combination of marbofloxacin and trimethoprim in one preparation is very attractive. However, for the introduction of the drug into veterinary practice, a prerequisite is the conduct of preclinical and clinical studies. The research was carried out in the conditions of the vivarium of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "VNIVIPFiT". The objective of the research was to study the effect of marbotrim on the meat quality. The experiment included 10 rabbits of the Soviet chinchilla breed with a live weight of 2.7-3.0 kg, which were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (n = 5) was the control and the animals were not administered the drug, the animals of group 2 (n = 5) were injected intramuscularly with the drug marbotrim at a therapeutic dose (0.02 ml/kg) once a day for 3 days according to the instructions for application. A day after the last injection of the drug, a diagnostic slaughter was carried out, followed by a veterinary and sanitary examination of the meat of all animals. It has been found that intramuscular administration of marbotrim at a therapeutic dose does not have a negative effect on the organoleptic and physicochemical indicators of meat quality.

Laboratory PCR techniques used to control the quality of meat products typically detect mitochondrial DNA sequences (mtDNA). The multiplicity of mtDNA copies in the cell provides such PCR techniques a high sensitivity. The high sensitivity of PCR detecting chicken mtDNA can lead to a positive result when applied to analyze mixed meat products containing chicken eggs. Many meat products, particularly some cooked sausages, do not contain chicken meat, while their recipes include chicken eggs or melange. In such cases, PCR detecting mtDNA cannot distinguish correctly the recipe ingredients from the food fraud with cheaper chicken meat. In this work, we carried out a design of realtime PCR which uses nuclear sequences as a target. A separate task was to select primers for PCR for internal control, for which we selected a nuclear sequence conserved for animals and birds as a target. Here we show that using a unique nuclear sequence as a target sequence allows getting rid of positive results in PCR, when the template is DNA, isolated from chicken eggs or mélange. The designed real-time PCR can be used in protocols applied to detect the falsification of the mixed meat products by chicken meat.

Providing the population with a fullvalue, easily digestible, dietary and at the same time relatively cheap protein is the main task of specialists of the agro-industrial complex. Annually mycotoxicoses cause huge economic damage to livestock facilities of veterinary inspection. We have developed, tested and patented a new feed additive based on tripoli. The purpose of the research work was to establish the effect of the addition of mycotoxin adsorbent «Belasorb» on the meat productivity of «Ross-308» broiler chickens. The sorption efficiency of the feed additive against certain types of mycotoxins is: aflatoxin – at least 92.0 %, ochratoxin – at least 77.0 %, T-2 toxin – 56.48 %, deoxynivalenol (DON) – at least 64.2 %, zearalenone – 42.0 %. Production tests were carried out on broiler chickens of the «Ross-308» cross in the conditions of ОАО “Agrokombinat “Dzerzhinskiy” at the production site “Dvorishche”. Mycotoxicoses prevention contributed to the best absorption of the feed nutrients which not only increased the poultry average live weight but also the offal actual weight: liver – by 0.7- 6.3 % (+ 0.4-3.8 g), heart – by 3.2-9.5 % (+ 0.3-0.9 g) and stomach – by 13.3-23.7 % (+ 4.7-8.4 g). The increase in the output of the main anatomical cuts: breasts – by 0.3-1.0 %, thighs – by 0.2-0.4 % and drumstick in actual weight, indicates the effectiveness of the implementation of the proposed scientific development in the agro-industrial complex. The optimal input rate is 2.0 kg/t. Introduction of «Ross-308» cross-country broiler chickens into the diet for the prophylactic purpose of the fodder additive of mycotoxin adsorbent «Belasorb» contributed to the disclosure of the genetic potential of cross-country, increased productivity of broilers, increased killing mass of poultry and meat yield.

In the conditions of intensively developing poultry farming, guinea fowl breeding becomes an interesting and relevant direction for the development of production. An increasing number of people are interested in dietary meat and indicators of biological usefulness and safety are an important factor in this matter. Therefore, when using new drugs, additives and other means for growing poultry, it is necessary to understand their influence on the biological value of meat. The previously studied effective method of reducing incubation waste, when using biostimulants in embryogenesis, contributed to an increase in the number of young animals in normal condition. However, the study of the usefulness of the resulting products, when using transovarial egg processing, will be an important aspect when selling guinea fowl meat. The veterinary and sanitary examination of the products of slaughter of guinea fowls and the determination of the biological value of their meat using biostimulants in embryogenesis was carried out according to generally accepted methods. During the research, it was found that the meat obtained is of good quality and biologically complete, and therefore can be sold without restrictions

Tuberculosis, as a zooanthroponotic disease, in many countries of the world and the Russian Federation to this day remains one of the most difficult problems of infectious pathology, while against tuberculosis and mycobacteriosis there are no sufficiently effective means of immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy.
Objects of the external environment in farms unfavorable for tuberculosis are contaminated with both pathogenic and atypical mycobacteria, the presence of waxes, mycolic acids and polysaccharides in their cell wall determines their resistance to many physical and chemical factors, mycobacteria are resistant to many acids, alkalis, alcohols, and not sensitive to quaternary ammonium compounds, which are present in many disinfectants.
The purpose of our research was to study the disinfecting effect of the new biocidal composition against various types of mycobacteria.
As a new drug, a composition was used, which is a complex of chemical substances, consisting of detergents and active substances with a biocidal effect, a component from the group of oxidizing agents was introduced into the chemical formula of the drug, which has a high bactericidal effect and nonionic surfactants that exhibit good emulsifying properties, that is, it promotes mixing of substances that are immiscible under normal conditions and at the same time are not highly toxic compounds, an antifreeze component was added to reduce the corrosive effect.
Reference strains of atypical (M. phlei, M. scrofulaceum) and typical M. bovis pcs 14. The analysis of the results obtained showed that both typical and atypical cultures of mycobacteria are highly sensitive to a new complex biocide in comparison with another traditionally used drug, which in the concentration and exposure stated in the instructions for its use did not have either mycobactericidal or tuberculocidal effects.

The microbiocenosis of the intestine of rabbits is formed taking into account the conditions in which it is located, and depends on the feeding diet. Probiotic complexes have a stimulating effect on the body of an animal, participate in the processes of normalization of intestinal microbiocenosis and increase the resistance of the body of farm animals, and are an alternative to antibiotics. Conducted a study of the quantitative and species composition of microorganisms in the feces of rabbits 1, 2, 3 months of age from the private farm of the Stavropol Territory. When setting up the experiment, we formed three groups of rabbits from 7 animals from the Soviet chinchilla rabbit breed. In group 1 (experimental), after weaning from the mother from 1 month, the animals were given a basic diet (RR) and DBA "ProStor" (1 g / kg feed) was administered. In group 2 (experimental) mothers received the basic diet (RR) and DBA "ProStor" (1 g / kg feed) from birth of young animals. In group 3 (control), animals were given basic diet (RR) without probiotic preparation. T was found that there is a decrease in the number of microorganisms from this. Enterobacteriaceae in 1 and 2 experimental groups of animals in comparison with the control group: E. coli -lac. (+) – by 5,1-10,2% and 11,2-14,4%; E. coli –lac. (-) – by 2,8-7,2% and 12,1-18,0%; Citrobacter spp. – by 1,4- 3,3% and 4,1-27,3%. The number of representatives of Enterococcus spp. Is also decreasing. – by 1,2-16,2% and 2,7-19,8%. The number of lactic acid microorganisms in 1 and 2 experimental groups of animals increases in comparison with the control group: Lactobacillus spp. – by 2,5-7,9% and 10,1-11,3% and Bifidobacterium spp. – by 2.4-3,5% and 10,8-13,1%. The number of representatives of Enterococcus spp. Is also decreasing. – by 14,5-16,5% and 15,9- 17,4%. Monitoring of intestinal microflora in rabbits will allow timely correction of unwanted changes in normal flora and prevent the development of dysbiosis.

For highly productive cows to realize their genetic potential to the full extent, it is necessary to receive full-fledged diets, as well as biologically active substances that can be absorbed to the greatest extent. We conducted a comparative analysis of the effect of tanamine Zn on the reproductive function of high-yielding cows of different duration of feeding. Thus, the animals of the control group (n = 20) received the drug only during the dry period (20.0 g / bird / day), and the experimental group (n = 20) - for a longer period, i.e. including the post-calving period, with an increase in the dose in the last period up to 30.0 g / head day. In the course of the experiment, birth and postpartum complications, ovarian dysfunction, indifference and service periods, insemination index, quality of newborn calves and their weight at one month of age were monitored. It follows from the experiments that longterm feeding of highly productive cows with tanamin Zn (not only in the dry period, but also in the post-calving periods) contributed to the improvement (at the tendency level) of reproductive function: a reduction in the duration of the service period by 8.3 days (or 8.5 %) and a decrease in the insemination index from 1.6 to 1.4 (or by 12.5%).

The liver is the main detoxification organ in the body of both animals and birds. When exposed to any external toxic agent, hepatocytes are damaged. Objective: to study the morphological state of the liver of a cockatiel parrot when exposed to a toxic agent. Materials and methods of research: The research was carried out at the Department of Anatomy and Physiology of the State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals. The objects of research were the corpses of cockatiel parrots, aged 3-5 years. Under the action of the toxic agent, a light brown liver staining with red stripes was noted. The consistency of the organ is loose, easily torn. Parrot liver mass is increased. A histological study of the structure of the structures of the liver of a parrot revealed that the veins of the central, portal and sinusoidal capillaries are not filled with blood, they are dilated. The structure of the hepatic lobules and most of the hepatocytes is impaired. As a result of the studies, it was found that when exposed to an endogenous toxic agent, serious morphological changes occur in the liver, which is manifested by the development of toxic hepatitis with massive necrosis of hepatocytes.

The aim of the work is to carry out a comparative assessment of the morbidity of respiratory organs in healthy calves and those with intranatal asphyxia. The object of the study were newborn calves, which were divided into 4 groups: №1 (control, n = 30) – healthy calves, №2, №3 and №4 - animals born as a result of spontaneous, but obstructed labour, during which they suffered intranatal asphyxia of mild (n = 30), moderate (n = 28) and severe (n = 24) severity, respectively. All calves were under constant supervision from birth to 4 months of age. At the same time, attention was focused on the registration of primary cases of respiratory diseases, the severity of their course and outcome. In the course of the study, it was found that calves that suffered intranatal asphyxia for several months retain a high incidence of respiratory diseases. At the same time, the age and form of manifestation of respiratory diseases depend on the severity of the primary pathology. So, after mild asphyxia, bronchopneumonia is more often diagnosed. In comparison with it, bronchopneumonia and respiratory distress syndrome prevail for those, who have experienced moderate pathology, and after severe asphyxia - respiratory distress syndrome. In addition to changes in the morbidity structure, mortality increases by 26.0% and 2.9 times, respectively. The data, presented in the article, indicate the presence in calves, that suffered intranatal asphyxia, pathophysiological mechanisms that form the risk of respiratory diseases (r = 0.60; p ˂ 0.001).

The purpose of the work is to increase the intensity of calves growth in relation to blood parameters, taking into account the rate of drinking the whole milk, during the dairy period of their rearing. In order to conduct research of newborn calves of the first day of life, three groups were formed (control, 1-experimental, 2-experimental) of 12 heads in each, observing the principle of analog pairs by age, live weight, linearity, and also taking into account blood counts at birth. The control group of calves received whole milk - 5 kg per day, total - 300 kg, the first experimental group - 6 kg, total - 360 kg, the second - 7 kg, total - 420 kg. All calves of the studied groups were kept in the same conditions of feeding and keeping. Blood was taken from the studied groups of animals at birth and at the age of 3 months for the study of morphological and biochemical parameters in relation to the intensity of their growth. It was found that an increase in the drinking rate of the whole milk from 300 kg to 60.120 kg increases the content of total protein in the blood serum - by 10.53 and 9.55 g / l, glucose - by 0.36 and 0.31 mmol / l, calcium - by 0.24 and 0.26 mmol / l, with a decrease in beta globulins by 2.79 and 3.43% and immunoglobulin G - by 161.1 and 149.1 mg / ml compared to the control. The indicators of the growth intensity of the heifers of the experimental groups at the age of 3 months by 8.71 and 9.41 kg, at the age of 12 months - by 22.31 and 26.55 kg exceeded their peers from the control group. The drinking rate of the whole milk of 360 kg during the dairy period of rearing r is optimal, as it improves the qualitative and quantitative parameters of blood and increases the growth rate of animals. The difference with the animals that received the whole milk drinking rate of 420 kg is not reliable and is within the arithmetic mean error.

The aim of the study is to study the etiological and morphological features of adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland in dogs, due to the fact that the problems of the reproductive system of animals are widespread today and most owners do not consider carrying out veterinary manipulations with their pets. Lack of timely provision of veterinary measures affects the state of the reproductive system, in the future, all this leads to hyperplastic, metaplastic and neoplastic changes in the organs of the reproductive system. To conduct the research, more than 170 animals (dogs) were clinically examined, the animals were examined, ultrasound examination of the reproductive system, cytological and histological studies. All the data obtained were subjected to variable statistical processing using computer programs. According to the research results, it was revealed that a fairly large number of registered diseases accounted for about 46% of prostate diseases, then, with a smaller percentage, neoplasms of the external genital organs and even less testicular tumors were detected. Also, an important aspect of research is the age-related predisposition of dogs to tumors. A deeper and more detailed study revealed that adenocarcinoma of the prostate is a tuberous formation, of a heterogeneous consistency with cystic cavities, white in the section, histological features are that the cells form large cell-shaped end sections filled with papillary protrusions of the glandular epithelium. Tumor cells are of various shapes and produce mucus. Metastases affect the organs of the digestive, respiratory and excretory systems, lymph nodes. The aim of the study is to study the etiological and morphological features of adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland in dogs, due to the fact that the problems of the reproductive system of animals are widespread today and most owners do not consider carrying out veterinary manipulations with their pets. Lack of timely provision of veterinary measures affects the state of the reproductive system, in the future, all this leads to hyperplastic, metaplastic and neoplastic changes in the organs of the reproductive system. To conduct the research, more than 170 animals (dogs) were clinically examined, the animals were examined, ultrasound examination of the reproductive system, cytological and histological studies. All the data obtained were subjected to variable statistical processing using computer programs. According to the research results, it was revealed that a fairly large number of registered diseases accounted for about 46% of prostate diseases, then, with a smaller percentage, neoplasms of the external genital organs and even less testicular tumors were detected. Also, an important aspect of research is the age-related predisposition of dogs to tumors. A deeper and more detailed study revealed that adenocarcinoma of the prostate is a tuberous formation, of a heterogeneous consistency with cystic cavities, white in the section, histological features are that the cells form large cellshaped end sections filled with papillary protrusions of the glandular epithelium. Tumor cells are of various shapes and produce mucus. Metastases affect the organs of the digestive, respiratory and excretory systems, lymph nodes. 

The macro- and micromorphometric features of the heart of 50 clinically healthy female and male nutria of standard cell color at the age of 1 day, 2 months, 4,5 months, 7,5 months and 1 year were studied. It was found that the size of the heart increases from 1 day to one year of age, showing different degrees of differences between the studied age groups. The length of the heart in female and male nutria increases from 1,98±0,04 to 4,04±0,12 cm. and 1,83±0,05 to 4,60±0,18 cm., width - from 1,53±0,04 to 3,34±0,14 cm. to 1,50±0,03 to 3,49±0,13 cm. and a thickness of 0,93±0,02 to 2,11±0,06 cm. to 0,90±0,02 to 2,22±0,05 cm., respectively. In male nutria from 4,5 months to 1 year of age, the length of the heart was significantly greater than in females, with no significant gender differences in the values of width and thickness of the heart. The heart shape index in nutria in all age groups has no significant sex-age differences and is in the range from 76,07±2,62% to 84,25±2,89%, which indicates its spherical shape. The Nuclearcytoplasmic relationship (NCR) of cardiomyocytes in female and male nutria decreases significantly from 1 day to 4,5 months, and does not change significantly in subsequent age periods. In female nutria, the NCR of cardiomyocytes in postnatal ontogenesis is in the range from 0,065±0,005 to 0,019±0,002 с.u., and in males - from 0,074±0,004 to 0,019±0,002 с.u. Sexual differences of NCR of nutria cardiomyocytes are registered only at the age of 1 day, at the same time at females this indicator appeared less, than at males.

The study of the effect of a probiotic preparation based on a strain of microorganisms based on the Enterococcus Faecium L-3 strain on 40 blackand-white calves. The effect of the drug on their microflora of the gastrointestinal tract was studied. It was found that the use of the drug to calves up to one and a half months of age has a positive effect on the development of the intestinal microflora in newborn calves and on the animal body as a whole, increasing natural resistance. So, in calves of 14 days of age who received the probiotic there was significantly less total bacterial mass, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis group than in the control group. By the age of 30 days, the tendency towards a high content of Bacteroides fragilis group in calves from the control group as compared with animals from the experimental group persisted. This clearly indicates that in calves that did not receive the probiotic preparation, the amount of opportunistic microflora naturally increased with age, which contributed to the development of gastrointestinal disorders.

Skin is an important organ of mammals. Information about the morphological structure of the skin of domestic pigs is fragmentary. The aim of the work is to study the morphofunctional characteristics of the skin of Poltava Meat Breed boars under the conditions of technological stress, using mathematical methods of analysis.
Research material and methods: the morphofunctional features of 6,5 months old purebred Poltava Meat Breed boars’ skin covering have been researched. The research material was received as a result of control slaughtering the animals that reached 100 kg (16 skin fragments were taken from the middle of the chest side, behind the scapulae). The morphometrical characteristics of skin layers and their components were measured; the results have been processed with the use of mathematical ways of analysis.
The results: most Poltava Meat Breed young boars show well-developed defence mechanisms of their skin covering, represented by the thickness of their skin and epidermis, good genetic constancy of their skin layers’ characteristics, as well as by the active functioning of their oil glands. Some features of the researched animals’ skin structure, such as: particular qualities of their sweat and oil glands, doughy skin, epidermis thickening, show the poor functionality and low efficiency of the skin systems. In the current technological, ecological and climate environment the pigs tend to have problems with several major skin functions (such as thermoregulation), which may lead to the gradual worsening of the animals’ genetically specific selectional value along with their productivity, and so worsen the primary products quality as well.
Conclusion. The boars of Poltava Meat Breed, raised in the environment of technological stress, have specific skin structure features. This fact is essential for developing efficient methods for selectioning, breeding and keeping the swines, which would help obtaining high-quality production and raising the functional capabilities of highly productive animals.

Various pathologies of the breeding organs of cows are diagnosed quite often and occur due to metabolic disorders. The dynamics of the biochemical composition of blood in first -calf cows (n=24) during lactation was studied, and the correlation of separate biochemical markers with fertilization was determined. It was found that after calving, a qualitative redistribution of plasma proteins occurs in animals, characterized by a decrease in the albumin-globulin coefficient by 29.0...43.2%, a drop in creatinine level by 40.9% by the third month of lactation, and then its increase by 27.9...35.3%.The urea concentration doubles by the 90th day after calving, followed by a decrease of 33.8% by the seventh month. The activity of AlAT and AsAT increases in the first three months after childbirth (by 1.9 times and by 23.7%, respectively), and decreases by the time of launch. The de RiTiS coefficient was the highest in heifers and cows at the time of launch (4.49 and 3.95 units, respectively), and the lowest on the 60-90 day of lactation (2.81...2.98 units).The amount of total immunoglobulins after childbirth decreased, and reached minimum values by the 5th month of lactation (103.8 mg/l). Circulating immune complexes (CEC) of large and small size reached a peak concentration by the seventh month of the studies (94.7 and 176.7 UE / l, respectively), and their ratio was characterized by the predominance of more pathogenic small-sized cells at the 2nd month of lactation, followed by their enlargement. The concentration of substances of medium and low molecular weight (VSNMM) in red blood cells was maximum at the 3rd month after delivery (33.7 opt. units), then their level decreased. Correlation analysis showed that the duration from calving to fertilization lengthens with an increase in the de Ritis effect (r=0.441...0.513) and the concentration of VSNMM in red blood cells (r=0.336...0.438), turns over with an increase in AlAT activity (r=-0.325...-0.446). 

Currently, the transplantation of embryos of farm animals is widely used in reproduction in many countries. However, due to the low efficiency and low survival rate of embryos, in comparison with artificial insemination, it is used mainly as an additional biotechnological method, aimed at more rational use of genetically valuable breeding animals and accelerating selection, especially in relation to the breeding nucleus. The use of the technology for in vitro production of cattle embryos (IVP - in vitro produced) makes it possible to significantly accelerate the intensity of animal breeding and is an urgent topic for study. Researches by many scientists are aimed at studying aspects associated with folliculogenesis, stimulation of poliovirus, and factors affecting embryos and oocytes, which can increase the effectiveness of this procedure. However, modern leaders in reproductive technologies, such as Agtech, Inc., IETS, Animal Reproduction Laboratory (Colorado State University) and others, do not give specific instructions and recommendations for the production of embryos in vitro, and the achievements in this area are described mainly in scientific publications. The article provides an overview of the key stages of modern biotechnological methods for accelerated reproduction of high-value farm animals, including follicle puncture and oocyte aspiration (OPU - ovum pic-up), oocyte maturation in vitro (IVM - in vitro maturation), sperm preparation and oocyte fertilization (IVF - in vitro fertilization), embryo cultivation (IVC - in vitro culture), as well as cryopreservation of the resulting embryos. The literature review presented in the publication touches upon the issues of folliculogenesis and oogenesis in animals, and some principles of neuroendocrine regulation of the estrous cycle and their relationship, when using various methods of obtaining oocytes. Publications of various authors over this topic made it possible to generalize the methods used and present them in the article at the form of summary tables, which describe the differences in temperature regimes of incubation, the conditions for transporting biomaterial, considered the main physical parameters of the external environment of oocyte cultivation; their fertilization and further development; highlights the characteristics and the composition of various nutrient media; methods for preparing sperm for oocyte fertilization are described, and summary data on the calibration of working solutions during centrifugation of sperm in density gradients are summarized, including some patterns of cryopreservation of embryos by various methods

Studying the effect of different energy levels of feeding of replacement female short-haired minks during the rearing period (July-August) on the formation of their future reproductive capacity was the aim of the research. The experiments were carried out on replacement females of short-haired standard black mink in the animal farm of the Saltykovsky Tribal Fur Farm JSC, Moscow Region. Тhe level of energy supply in July-August was specified for replacement females mink in order to study the subsequent reproductive ability. During this period, the feeding level (in terms of energy) was limited by 10.0% in the experimental group. After the end of the experiment (end of August), the minks were transferred to feeding according to the existing energy norms (2007). The content of digestible nutrients in 100 kcal of MA was: protein – 7.6-9.9 g; fat – 3.7-4.9 g; carbohydrates – 2.9-5.1 g, with a carbohydrate-fat ratio (by calorie content): 1: 1.4-4.0 during the rearing period (June-November) of replacement female minks. Two groups were formed for the subsequent assessment of reproduction indicators in the second experiment from the replacement female minks left for the tribe, in accordance with the type of feeding in July-August. It was found that the nutritional requirements of females during reproduction and lactation is covered by the carbohydrates and fat content in the diet of 13.2-16.4% and 39.1-38.1%, respectively, of the caloric content of the feed (with a ratio of 1: 2.3-3.0) and a protein level on average of 10.1-10.6 g per 100 kcal MA. The results obtained indicate that during adaptation of the short-haired mink to the existing feeding technology under the modern food base conditions, a decrease in the energy nutrition level of replacement females during the growth period in JulyAugust (by 10% below the recommended norms) satisfies the nutritional requirements for breeding growing females, ensures the formation of high reproductive ability: fertility per 6,37±0,44 puppy and output of young animals 5,24±0,43 puppies per main female. It allows to reduce feed costs by 10.3% during this period.

The morphological study of the reproductive system, in particular the peculiarities of the structural and age dynamics of ovarian development in rabbits in postnatal ontogenesis, is of great theoretical and practical importance for solving the problems of livestock reproduction. Knowledge of biological features during various periods of ontogenesis allows you to determine the natural state of the ovaries, and diagnosing pathologies of various nature only in a timely manner. Rabbits were the object of research, and ovaries were the object. When performing histological studies of rabbit ovaries in the age aspect, the following indicators were determined: the diameter of Pfluger balls, the area of primordial follicles and the diameter of oocyte nuclei, the area of primary, secondary and tertiary follicles, the area of their oocytes with a diameter of nuclei, the thickness of the teka and shiny shell of secondary and tertiary follicles, the diameter of hemocapillars. Research was carried out in the conditions of the rabbitbreeding farm of the Vitebsk region of the Republic of Belarus, the prosector and laboratory of the Department of Pathological Anatomy and Histology of the Vitebsk Order of the Badge of Honor of the State Academy of Veterinary Medicine. A histological examination of the ovaries found that at birth rabbits have an unconformed ovary in terms of structural structure, they acquire their classical definitive structure only by monthly age. The regularity of growth is noted up to four months of age, where fully formed structural elements of the gland are already observed, but it is not advisable to let rabbit in the case at this age, due to the lack of a sufficiently strong body for carrying offspring. Thus, the research results deepen, expand and supplement the data on the age morphology of fur animals and can be a criterion for their assessment in practical veterinary medicine and in rabbit breeding as a whole.

To date, diseases of the distal extremities in productive animals are widespread. In sheep breeding, this pathology sometimes takes on a massive character, affecting from 38 to 83% of animals in problematic farms. The problem is that hoof diseases greatly complicate the grazing of animals, and, as a result, the productivity and safety of the sheep population decreases. This article is devoted to a new method of therapy of sheep with purulent-necrotic ulcers of the distal limb. Today, there is a wide variety of ways and methods of treating finger diseases in sheep, depending on the degree and nature of the lesion. But, despite such a number of methods of therapy, they all have advantages and disadvantages and cannot be used in a template without taking into account the physiological state of the animal, the conditions of its maintenance, the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, as well as the characteristics of the reactivity of the body of this type of animal to injury and infection. Therefore, we have proposed a new drug for the treatment of sheep with purulentnecrotic ulcers in the finger area. The technological simplicity of manufacturing the drug and the availability of its components allow veterinarians to independently prepare the drug we offer directly in the conditions of farms and in the quantity necessary for work. In order to test the work, experimental and control groups were formed in the livestock farms of the Rostov region. The results obtained showed that all three treatment regimens are effective both from a therapeutic and economic point of view. Thus, the new drug proposed by us, has not passed production testing, but also showed its high economic and therapeutic effectiveness. And also, when using a new method of therapy for purulent-necrotic ulcers of the distal limb in sheep, recovery occurred in 100% of sheep on 10+2 days.

The state of sheep breeding in Russia is associated with the macroeconomic situation in the country. Agricultural production is designed to ensure the food security of the state, but the presence of various animal diseases inhibits the development of animal husbandry. In the last decade, an extremely difficult situation has developed in sheep breeding in the Rostov region, which has led to a sharp reduction in the number of animals. Scientific research was carried out on the basis of sheep farms in the farms of the Millerovsky, Belokalitvinsky, Salsky, Dubovsky districts of the Rostov region.
The situation is complicated by the presence of various non-infectious, including surgical pathologies, which include diseases of the fingers. The predisposing factors for the emergence of surgical pathology of the distal extremities were feeding errors and impaired mineral metabolism in the body of sheep. In sheep, this pathology is often recorded, accompanied by a decrease in wool and meat productivity by 40%, milk productivity by 60%. In this regard, we carried out an analysis of non-communicable diseases of sheep in the farms of the Rostov region. Based on the examination and general clinical examination of the sheep population in the farms of the Rostov region, an analysis of the revealed non-infectious pathology was carried out. Our studies allowed us to identify the existing non-infectious pathology in sheep and its distribution in the farms of the Rostov region. We have established the maximum morbidity of animals from surgical processes, which amounted to 59% of all non-infectious pathology. Of this number, 49.5% of diseases occur in the distal extremities, including purulent - necrotic lesions. During the examination, we identified the leading causes of diseases in the area of the fingers.